Fuel Types

Fuel types and brief descriptions for fuels represented in the database.

In addition to the fuels specified below, on the Fuels Search page you will also see the option to select specified blends containing two or more fuel types.

Underlined fuel types are fuels produced from ASTM D7566 approved production pathways.

AN-8 - Fuel blend unique to Antarctica and Arctic regions. Lower flash point, lower freezing point than conventional jet.

ATJ - Alcohol to Jet fuel. ASTM D7566 Annex A5 certified drop in commercial aviation biofuel. Blending limited to 50% with commercial aviation fuel. Produced from fermentation of starches / sugars such as field corn and sugar beets, or cellulosic biomass. The final fractionation step in the ATJ process can also produce biodiesel cuts.

ATJ-SKA - Alcohol to Jet Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics.

Biodiesel – Biofuel in the C9-C20 diesel fuel range.

Biojet - Unspecified – Unidentified biofuels in the C4-C16 jet fuel range. These samples' fuel types could not be confirmed but were received by database managers as "biojet" fuels. 

CHJ – Catalytical Hydrothermolysis Jet. ASTM D7566 Annex A6 certified drop in commercial aviation biofuel. Blending limited to 50% with conventional aviation fuel. Produced from fatty acids and fatty acid esters derived from triglyceride-based feedstocks like soybean and tung oil. Synonyms: CHJ Catalytical Hydrothermolysis Jet, HTL Hydrothermal Liquefaction, or CH-SK, Synthetic Kerosene.

CtL - Direct Coal-to-Liquid derived jet fuels.

DSH – Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon. Biofuel typically for use in diesel compression ignition engines.

F-24 – NATO designation for commercial Jet-A that contains the Jet A-1 to JP8 additive package. Drop-in replacement for JP8 fuel. Used in both civilian and military settings. 

F-76 – Military diesel meeting MIL-F-16884 Fuel, Naval Distillate (NATO F-76). Typically used in shipboard diesels and gas turbines. Synonyms: DFM Diesel Fuel Marine.

F-T – Fischer-Tropsch. ASTM D7566 Annex A1 certified drop in commercial aviation biofuel. Blending limited to 50% with conventional aviation fuel. Produced from syngas synthesized through biomass gasification. Synonyms: Gas-to-jet, F-T Kerosene, FT-SPK Synthesized Paraffinic Kerosene.

F-T SKA – Fischer-Tropsch fuel containing added aromatic hydrocarbons. ASTM D7566 Annex A4 certified drop in commercial aviation biofuel. Blending limited to 50% with conventional aviation fuel, approved in 2014. Produced from syngas synthesized through biomass gasification. Synonyms: FT-SKA or FT-SPK/A Fischer Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics.

HC-HEFA – Hydrocarbon Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids. ASTM D7566 Annex A7 certified drop in commercial aviation biofuel. Blending limited to 10% with conventional aviation fuel, approved in 2020. Produced from fatty acid esters and tri-terpenes derived from the algal species Botryococcus braunii. Synonyms: Oil-to-jet.

HDCD – Hydrotreated Depolymerized Cellulosic Diesel. NAVAIR. Produced from cellulosic feedstocks such as wood and switchgrass. Synonyms: HDCD-76.

HDCJ - Hydrotreated Depolymerized Cellulosic Jet. Kior fuels. 

HDO - Hydrodeoxygenated biofuel. 

HEFA – Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids. ASTM D7566 Annex A2 certified drop in commercial aviation biofuel, approved in 2011. Blending limited to 50% with conventional aviation fuel. Produced from feedstocks such as fats, oils, greases, oilseed crops, algae. Synonyms: HEFA-SPK Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene, HRJ Hydrotreated Renewable Jet.

HVO – Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil. Produced from refining of triglycerides from feedstocks such as canola, algae, tallow.

Jet A – Conventional petroleum derived middle distillate aviation fuel. US standard for aviation fuel as defined by ASTM D1655.

Jet A-1 – Conventional petroleum derived middle distillate aviation fuel more commonly used outside the US. Standards outlined in ASTM D1655.

JP-4 – Military Jet B equivalent containing additive package with anti-icing and corrosion inhibitors meeting MIL-PRF-5624S Grade JP-4. No longer produced in high volumes.

JP-5 – Military jet fuel meeting U.S. Military Specification MIL-PRF-5624S Grade JP-5. Primarily utilized in aircraft carriers. Petroleum derived.

JP-7 – Military jet fuel meeting MIL-DTL-38219. Specialized jet fuel originally developed for supersonic aircraft to meet more stringent thermal stability requirements. Not a traditional distillate fuel but rather an engineered surrogate composed of various hydrocarbon blending feedstocks.

JP-8 – Military equivalent of Jet A-1 meeting U.S. Military Specification MIL-T-83188D. Additive package includes anti-icing and corrosion inhibitors. Primarily utilized in NATO aircraft. Petroleum derived.

JP-900 – Coal-based engineered jet fuel developed for especially high thermal stability. Not a conventional distillate fuel. Constructed with petroleum byproducts and coal tar refining distillates.

JPTS – Jet Propellant Thermally Stable. Specialty military jet fuel.

JRF – Jet Reference Fluid. Fuel type that indicates any range of fuels formulated for engineering test purposes.

RDF – Refuse Derived Fuel. Broad category for a number of further specified alternative fuels derived from municipal solid waste (MSW) components.

RP-1 – Rocket Propellant 1. Refined petroleum derived fuel used for rocket propulsion.

RP-2 – Rocket Propellant 2. Refined petroleum derived fuel used for rocket propulsion. Derivative of RP-1 with lower sulfur content.

SAK – Synthesized Aromatic Kerosene.

SIP – Synthesized Iso-Paraffins. ASTM D7566 Annex A3 certified drop in commercial aviation biofuel, approved in 2014. Blending limited to 10% with conventional aviation fuel. Produced from sugar feedstocks. Synonyms: Sugar-to-jet, SPK-SIP Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene Synthesized Iso-Paraffins.

Surrogate – Fuel type that indicates any range of fuels formulated for simulating real fuels in an engineering test environment.

Swedish Biofuel - Unspecified biofuel type derived from biomass and waste gases.

TS-1 – Russian-developed jet fuel meeting GOST 10227 standards. Developed for use in colder geographic regions.